Thematically, for most of V1 I was reading this as a screed against imperialism and colonialism (think James Cameron's "Avatar") with the leader of the Reincarnators eventually revealed to be some sort of undead combination of King Leopold II of Belgium, Hernán Cortés, and a corrupt corporate CEO.
But the reveal of the identities of the original colonists and the Reincarnators has led me to reconsider; I now think this is, thematically, an attack on transhumanism rather than colonialism. Dill's repeated criticism of the very idea of immortality fits with that as well. I know it's dangerous to confuse a character's voice with the author's voice, but in this case I think Dill is speaking from the author's viewpoint.